Research and progress in the preparation of monoclonal Rh blood group antibodies

The Rh blood group system is considered significant within human blood group classification, alongside the ABO system known for complexity. Studies have shown that the Rh group protein antigen is encoded by the RHD and RHCE genes, which are responsible for the synthesis and expression of more than 50 Rh antigens. Nevertheless, the five most clinically significant antigens are RHD, RHC, RHc, RHE and RHe. Currently, various Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immortalized human-mouse or human-human hybridomas with multiple Rh antigens have been established internationally. These hybridomas exhibit notable stability and specificity, making it commonly utilized in clinical applications such as blood transfusion, blood group identification, and management of pregnancy-related conditions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research and development related to the preparation of Rh blood group antibodies domestically and internationally. The findings will contribute to the research foundation of Rh blood group antibodies and production of cell banks.