Passenger lymphocyte syndrome after minor ABO-incompatible stem cell transplantation: A case report

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅱ alleles are involved in antigen processing and presentation to Tlymphocytes during fungal infections. However, few studies have investigated HLA genes in fungal diseases, or in sporotrichosis infections. Here, the frequencies of HLA-DRβ1 in 50 healthy volunteers and 9 patients with sporotrichosis from an endemic area in Mexico were determined to define their role in genetic susceptibility to this infection. Also, the frequencies of HLA-DRβ1 haplotypes were compared with a historic control group of healthy Mexican individuals. The patients presented that DR4 and DR8 increased, which were more than twice the control's values, whereas local controls (endemic area) presented DR*04:01 increased, compared with the control group from Mexico City. The data suggest that involvement of HLA antigens could affect the outcomes of the host-fungi interaction in sporotrichosis by regulating the immune response to Sporothrix schenckii complex.